Section I: Basic Science
1 Anatomy
2 Anatomic Aberrations
3 Clinical Examination of the Knee
4 Gene Therapy in the Treatment of Knee Disorders
Section II: Imaging of the Knee
5 Knee Imaging Techniques and Normal Anatomy
6 Fractures
7 Imaging of the Meniscus
8 Cruciate Ligaments
9 Imaging of Synovium and Cartilage of the Knee
10 Lateral Supporting Structures: Posterolateral Corner Structures and Iliotibial Band
11 Medial Supporting Structures: MCL and Posteromedial Corner
12 Imaging of the Extensor Mechanism
13 Imaging of Total Knee Arthroplasty
14 Tumors in the Knee
15 Ultrasound-Guided Procedures
Section III: Biomechanics
16 Three-Dimensional Morphology of the Knee
17 Fluoroscopic Analysis of Total Knee Replacement
18 In Vivo Kinematics of the Patellofemoral Joint
19 Forward Solution Modeling: An In Vivo Theoretical Simulator of the Knee
20 Contact Mechanics of the Human Knee
21 In Vivo Mechanics, Vibration and Sound of the Knee Joint
22 Does Strain in the Patella Change After TKA? A Finite Element Investigation of Natural and Implanted Patellae
23 Wear Simulation of Knee Implants
24 Knee Wear
25 The Asian Knee
26 Mobile Fluoroscopy: Determination of Natural, Unrestricted Knee Motion
Section IV: Sports Medicine: Articular Cartilage and Meniscus
27 Articular Cartilage: Biology, Biomechanics, and Healing Response
28 Articular Cartilage Injury and Adult OCD: Treatment Options and Decision Making
29 International Experience with Autologous Chondrocyte Implantation With Periosteum (Autologous Chondrocyte Implantation), Including Scaffold Guided Techniques and Tissue Engineered Matrix Support
30 Osteochondral Autograft Transplantation
31 Osteochondral Allograft Transplantation
32 Articular Cartilage Repair with Bioscaffolds
33 Management of Failed Cartilage Repair
34 Osteochondritis Dissecans of the Knee in the Young Patient
35 Secondary, Spontaneous, and Postarthroscopy Osteonecrosis of the Knee: Diagnosis and Management
36 Healing of Knee Ligaments and Menisci
37 Arthroscopic Meniscal Resection
38 Arthroscopy-Assisted Inside-Out and Outside-In Meniscus Repair
39 All Inside Arthroscopy Meniscal Repair
40 Meniscal Allograft Transplantation
41 Synthetic Meniscal Substitutes and Collagen Meniscal Implantation
Section V: Sports Medicine: Ligament Injuries
42 Classification of Knee Ligament Injuries
43 Sports Knee Rating Systems and Related Statistics
44 Medial Ligamentous Injuries of the Knee: Acute and Chronic
45 Fibular Collateral Ligament and the Posterolateral Corner
46 Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries and Reconstruction: Indications, Principles, and Outcomes
47 Bone-Patellar Tendon-Bone Autograft Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction
48 Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction with Hamstring Tendons
49 Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction with Central Quadriceps Free Tendon Graft
50 Allograft Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction
51 Double-Bundle Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction
52 Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction via the Anteromedial Portal and Single-Tunnel, Double-Bundle Technique
53 Complications of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction
54 Revision Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction
55 Revision Anterior Cruciate Ligament Surgery: One-Stage versus Two-Stage Technique
56 Osteotomy and the Cruciate-Deficient Knee
57 Rehabilitation of the Surgically Reconstructed and Nonsurgically Treated Anterior Cruciate
58 Knee Bracing for Athletic Injuries
59 Decision Making and Surgical Treatment of Posterior Cruciate Ligament Ruptures
60 Posterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: Posterior Inlay Technique
61 Posterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: Transtibial Double Bundle Technique
62 Posterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: Remnant-Preserving Technique Through the Posteromedial Portal
63 The Dislocated Knee
64 Dislocation of the Proximal Tibiofibular Joint
Section VI: Sports Medicine: Patellar and Extensor Mechanism Disorders
65 Disorders of the Patellofemoral Joint
66 Distal Realignment of the Patellofemoral Joint: Indications, Effects, Results, and Recommendations
67 Surgery of the Patellofemoral Joint: Proximal Realignment
68 Repair and Reconstruction of the Medial Patellofemoral Ligament for Treatment of Lateral Patellar Dislocations: Surgical Techniques and Clinical Results
69 Sulcus-Deepening Trochleoplasty
70 Quadriceps and Patellar Tendon Disruption
Section VII: Knee Arthritis
71 Gout and Other Crystalline Arthropathies
72 Knee Osteoarthritis
73 Overview of Psoriatic Arthritis
74 Systemic Allergic Dermatitis in Total Knee Arthroplasty
75 Rheumatoid Arthritis of the Knee: Current Medical Management
76 Hemophilia and Pigmented Villonodular Synovitis Hemophilia and the Knee
76B HIV Infection and Its Relationship to Knee Disorders
Section VIII: Anesthesia for Knee Surgery
Part I. Preoperative Evaluation
77 Basics, Preoperative Assessment, and Medical Optimization
78 Patient with Stents
79 Diabetes Mellitus and the Knee
80 Rheumatoid Arthritis
81 Bilateral Total Knee Replacement: Indications for Sequential and Simultaneous Surgery
Part II. Perioperative Management of Inpatient Procedures
82 Monitoring During Total Knee Arthroplasty
83 Spinal or General Anesthesia?
84 Revision Total Knee Arthroplasties
85 Pneumatic Tourniquet
86 Cement Embolism
87 Tranexamic Acid
88 Blood Loss and Fluid Management
89 Anesthesia for Knee Surgery
90 Specific Considerations for Fractures and Dislocations
Part III. Preoperative Analgesia: Peripheral Nerve Blocks
91 Femoral Nerve Bloack
92 Adductor Canal Black
93 Fascia Iliaca Compartment Block
94 Psoas Compartment Block
95 Sciatic Nerve Block
96 Obturator Nerve Block
97 Continuous Perineural Analgesia for Knee Surgery
98 Local Anesthetic Infiltration
99 Epidural Analgesia
100 Neuraxial Opioids
101 Systemic Opioids; PONV Prophylaxis
102 Multimodal Pharmacological Analgesia
103 Chronic Pain After Total Knee Arthroplasty
Part IV. Ambulatory Procedures
104 Knee Arthroscopy
Part V. Thromboprophylaxis
105 Thromboprophylaxis and Neuraxial Anesthesia
Section IX: Plastic Surgery
106 Soft Tissue Healing
107 The Problem Wound: Coverage Options
Section X: Fractures About the Knee
108 Distal Femur Fractures
109 Tibial Plateau Fractures
110 Fractures of the Patella
111 Treatment of Periprosthetic Fractures Around a Total Knee Arthroplasty
Section XI: Pediatric Knee
112 Normal Knee Embryology and Development
113 Congenital Deformities of the Knee
114 Meniscal Disorders
115 Osteochondritis Dissecans
116 Reconstructing the Anterior Cruciate Ligament in Pediatric Patients
117 Tibial Spine Fractures
118 Physeal Fractures about the Knee
119 Patellar Instability
Section XII: Joint Replacement and Its Alternatives
120 Nonoperative Treatment of Knee Arthritis
121 Osteotomy about the Knee: American Perspective
122 Osteotomy for the Arthritic Knee: A European Perspective
123 Scoring Systems and Their Validation for the Arthritic Knee
124 Historic Development, Classification, and Characteristics of Knee Prostheses
125 Unicompartmental, Bicompartmental, or Tricompartmental Arthritis of the Knee: Algorithm for Surgical Management
126 Patellofemoral Arthroplasty
127 Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty: A European Perspective
128 Unicompartmental Replacement with ACL Reconstruction
129 Medial UKA Fixed
130 Medial UKA Mobile Bearing
131 Bicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty
132 Bicondylar Unicompartmental Replacement
133 Bicruciate TKA
134 Bicruciate TKA: An Alternate View
135 European Analysis and Results of Partial Knee Replacement
136 Posterior Cruciate Ligament Retention in Total Knee Arthroplasty
137 Preserving the PCL
138 Custom Made Knee Replacements
139 Posterior Cruciate Sacrificing Total Knee Arthroplasty
140 Posterior Cruciate Ligament–Substituting Total Knee Arthroplasty
141 Posterior Cruciate Ligament Substituting Total Knee Arthroplasty: Considerations in the Middle East
142 Mobile-Bearing Total Knee Arthroplasty
143 Cemented Total Knee Arthroplasty: The Gold Standard
144 Cementless Total Knee Arthroplasty
145 Patellar Resurfacing in Total Knee Arthroplasty
146 Patella Resurfacing – Never
147 Patella Resurfacing – Always
148 Alignment in TKA
149 Surgical Approaches in Total Knee Arthroplasty: Standard and MIS Techniques
150 Surgical Techniques and Instrumentation in Total Knee Arthroplasty
151 Gap Balancing Techniques
152 Measured ReSection Technique
153 Is the Understanding of Gap Balancing and Measured ReSection Techniques Necessary to Understand Imaging Surgical Techniques for Knee Arthroplasty
154 Mid Flexion Instability
155 Correction of Deformities with Total Knee Arthroplasty: A European Approach:
156 Correction of Deformities with Total Knee Arthroplasty: An Asian Approach
157 Pressure Sensors and Soft Tissue Balancing
158 Clinical Effectiveness of Custom Made Guides
159 Computer Navigation in Primary Total Knee Arthroplasty
160 Kinematic Alignment in Total Knee Arthroplasty
161 Computer-Assisted Navigation: Minimally Invasive Surgery for Total Knee Replacement
162 Robotics in TKA: Development, Outcomes and Current Techniques:
163 Robotic UKA
164 Management of Extra-articular Deformity in Total Knee Arthroplasty with Navigation
165 Computer Assisted TKA for Extra Medullary Deformity
166 The Impact of the Cavus Foot and Ankle on the Painful Knee
167 The Impact of the Pesplanovalgus Foot and Ankle on the Painful Knee
168 The Impact of Foot and Ankle Deformity on a Total Knee Replacement
Section XII: Revision and Complex Knee Arthroplasty
169 Complications of Total Knee Arthroplasty
170 Extensile Surgical Exposures for Revision Total Knee Replacement
171 Revision of Aseptic Failed Total Knee Arthroplasty
172 The Infected Total Knee Replacement
173 Instability in Total Knee Arthroplasty
174 Management of Bone Defects in Revision Total Knee Arthroplasty: Augments, Structual and Impaction Graft, and Cones
175 Patellar Revision
176 Patellar Fractures in Total Knee Arthroplasty
177 Extensor Mechanism Disruption After TKR
Section XIII: Total Knee Arthroplasty Perioperative Management Issues
178 Obesity: Risks of Intervention, Benefits of Optimization
179 Catastrophizers: A Subgroup with Risk for Suboptimal Results After TKA
180 Optimization of Coronary Artery Disease, Diabetes Mellitus and Stroke
181 Infection Prevention Measures
182 Pre-Rehabilitation and Fall Risk Prevention, Orthopedic and Neuromuscular Comorbities and Their Effect on TKA Outcome
183 Intra and Periarticular Injections
184 Techniques and Eligibility for Same day/ Next day Discharge of TKA
185 Pain Management after TKA Patients Leave the Hospital
Section XIV: Hospital Management of TKA Patients
186 CPM: Pros and Cons
187 Cold Therapy
188 Immediate Motion vs. Splinting after TKA Operation
189 Internet Based vs. In Person Physical Therapy After TKA
190 Etiology and Risk Factors for VTED after TKA
191 ACCP, SCIP, and AAOS Guidelines for Thromboembolism Prophylaxis after Total Knee Arthroplasty.
192 ASA and Sequential Pneumatic Compression Devices, Strengths and Limitations
193 VTED Stratification of Risk, Who Needs Aggressive Anticoagulation
194 Bleeding and Infection Risk with Aggressive Anticoagulation: How to Minimize Suboptimal Outcomes
Section XV Economics, Quality and Payment Paradigms for Total Knee Arthroplasty
195 Historical Perspective: Declining, Reimbursement, Rising Costs
196 New Payment Paradigms
197 Physician, Hospital Partnerships
198 Value Based Purchasing
199 Quality Measures Effecting Payment after TKA
Section XVI Tumors About the Knee
200 Evaluation of the Patient with a Bone Lesion about the Knee
201 Surgical Treatment of Benign Bone Lesions
202 Surgical Management of Malignant Bone Tumors around the Knee
203 Allograft Prosthetic Composite Reconstruction of the Knee
204 Megaprostheses for Reconstruction Following Tumor ReSection about the Knee
205 Metastatic Disease about the Knee: Evaluation and Surgical Treatment
206 Soft Tissue Tumors of the Knee
207 Common Pitfalls in Tumors about the Knee: How to Recognize and Avoid
